Kachin exiles demand secession if Burma govt rejects federalism-ျပည္ပ ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသားမ်ား ခြဲထြက္ေရးမူ ေတာင္းဆို
A coalition of Kachin exiles meeting in Thailand jointly declared their desire for an independent Kachin state, if the country's central government continues to reject federalism, according to a statement issued on January 4, Burma's Independence Day.
The statement was released following a meeting in Chiang Mai of representatives from the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), the Kachin National Organization (KNO), the All Kachin Students and Youth Union (AKSYU), the Kachin Women's Association of Thailand (KWAT) and the Pan Kachin Development Society (PKDS).
The statement decried the Burman dominated central government's continued rejection of a democratic federal state, as outlined by General Aung San and ethnic leaders in the January 1947 Panglong agreement.
The Panglong agreement signed by Aung San Suu Kyi's father and key leaders of the Kachin, Shan and Chin communities, gave political rights to Burma's non-Burman ethnic nationalities, including the right to local self-government in ethnic populated "Frontier Areas".
The agreement also stated that Burma's central government "will not operate in respect of the Frontier Areas in any manner which would deprive any portion of these areas of the autonomy which it now enjoys in internal administration. Full autonomy in internal administration for the Frontier Areas is accepted in principle".
Panglong agreement never honored by successive governments
While the Panglong agreement was a key development that led to Burma's independence, after Aung San's assassination in July 1947, his successor and political ally U Nu failed to live up to the federal principles mandated by Panglong.
The KIO's creation in October 1960, was in part a reaction to Prime Minister U Nu's failure to live up to the Panglong principles. As a mostly Christian people many Kachin, including the KIO's founders, were incensed by U Nu's pledge during the federal election of 1960, that if re-elected he would make Buddhism the state religion.
In August 1961 U Nu made good on his promise to give Burma a state religion. U Nu's discriminatory move provided a wave of young recruits for the KIO's armed insurrection against Burma's central government.
Although the KIO took part in peace talks with the Ne Win regime in 1963, 1972 and 1980-81, none of these negotiations achieved a lasting peace.
Under a cease fire agreement reached by the KIO with Burma's military regime in 1994, the group was given a fair degree of autonomy to run its own affairs in KIO controlled areas of Kachin and northern Shan state. The Burmese military regime however continued to commit serious human rights abuses against ethnic people including many Kachin.
The KIO's 17 year long ceasefire ended in June 2011, following the KIO's refusal to join the Burmese government's proposed border guard force.
______________________________________________________________________
ဗမာတိုင္းရင္းမ်ားခ်ဳပ္ကိုင္ေသာ ျမန္မာအစုိးရက “စစ္မွန္ေသာ ဖက္ဒရယ္ (Federal) ျပည္ေထာင္စုမူကို လက္မခံလွ်င္ သီးျခား ကခ်င္ခြဲထြက္ေရးလမ္းစဥ္ကို နက္နက္နဲနဲလိုလားေၾကာင္း” ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံတြင္ေရာက္ရိွေနေသာ ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသားမ်ားက ဇန္န၀ါရီလ ၄ ရက္ လြတ္လပ္ေရးေန႔ တြင္ ဆႏၵထုတ္ျပန္ခဲ့သည္။
______________________________________________________________________
ဗမာတိုင္းရင္းမ်ားခ်ဳပ္ကိုင္ေသာ ျမန္မာအစုိးရက “စစ္မွန္ေသာ ဖက္ဒရယ္ (Federal) ျပည္ေထာင္စုမူကို လက္မခံလွ်င္ သီးျခား ကခ်င္ခြဲထြက္ေရးလမ္းစဥ္ကို နက္နက္နဲနဲလိုလားေၾကာင္း” ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံတြင္ေရာက္ရိွေနေသာ ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသားမ်ားက ဇန္န၀ါရီလ ၄ ရက္ လြတ္လပ္ေရးေန႔ တြင္ ဆႏၵထုတ္ျပန္ခဲ့သည္။
ဇန္န၀ါရီလ ၃ ရက္ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံ ခ်င္းမုိင္ၿမိဳ႕တြင္က်င္းပသည့္ ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသား ႏိုင္ငံေရးေဆြးေႏြးပြဲမွ ယင္းေၾကညာခ်က္ ထုတ္ျပန္လုိက္ျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲသို႔ ကခ်င္လြတ္ေျမာက္ေရး အဖြဲ႔ (KIO)၊ ကခ်င္အမ်ိဳးသားအစည္းအ႐ံုး (KNO)၊ ကခ်င္ေက်ာင္းသားႏွင့္ လူငယ္သမဂၢ (AKSYU)၊ ကခ်င္အမ်ိဳးသမီးအစည္းအ႐ံုးထိုုင္းႏိုင္ငံ (KWAT)၊ PKDS (Pan Kachin Development Society) ႏွင့္ ဘာသာေရးအဖြဲ႔မွ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားအျပင္ တကၠသိုလ္ ေက်ာင္းသားမ်ားႏွင့္ KIA စစ္သားေဟာင္းမ်ား အားလုံးစုစုေပါင္း လူ (၇၈) ဦး တက္ေရာက္ခဲ့သည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းနွင့္ တိုင္းရင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ား စတင္ခဲ့သည့္ ၁၉၄၇ ပင္လံုစာခ်ဳပ္အတိုင္း စစ္မွန္ေသာျပည္ေထာင္စု ေဖာ္ေဆာင္ရန္ ျမန္မာအစုိးရအဆက္ဆက္က ပ်က္ကြက္ေနျခင္းကို ေၾကညာခ်က္တြင္ ျပင္းျပင္းထန္ထန္ ႐ႈတ္ခ်ထားသည္။ထိုစာခ်ဳပ္တြင္ ဗမာမဟုတ္သည့္တိုင္းရင္းသားမ်ားကို ၎တို႔ေဒသမ်ားတြင္ ကုိယ္ပုိင္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခြင့္ အျပည့္အ၀ ေပးထားသည္။ျမန္မာအစုိးရအဆက္ဆက္က ပင္လုံစာခ်ဳပ္ကို လ်စ္လ်ဴ႐ွဴဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္း လုပ္ၾကံခံရၿပီးေနာက္ပိုင္း လြတ္လပ္ေရးရၿပီးေနာက္ ၎အားဆက္ခံသည့္ ဦးႏုအစုိးရမွာ ပင္လံုစာခ်ဳပ္အတိုင္း အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ျခင္း မရိွခဲ့ေပ။ထို႔ေၾကာင့္ ၁၉၆၀ ေအာက္တိုဘာတြင္ ကခ်င္လြတ္ေျမာက္ေရးအဖြဲ႔ (KIO) ကိုစတင္ဖြဲ႔စည္းခဲ့သည္။အထူးသျဖင့္ ၁၉၆၀ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲတြင္ ဗုဒၶဘာသာကို ႏိုုင္ငံေတာ္ဘာသာအျဖစ္ေၾကညာမည္ဟု ဆိုသည့္ ဦးႏု၏ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကတိသည္ ခရစ္ယာန္လူမ်ားစုျဖစ္သည့္ ကခ်င္အမ်ိဳးသားမ်ားအေပၚ စိတ္ဆိုး ေဒါသ ျဖစ္ေစခဲ့သည္။
ထိုႏွစ္ ၾသဂုတ္လတြင္ ဦးႏုက ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ဘာသာကို ေၾကညာခဲ့ရာ ကခ်င္လူငယ္မ်ား လက္နက္ကိုင္ ေတာ္လွန္ရန္အတြက္ တြန္းအားျဖစ္ေစခဲ့သည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ႀကီးေန၀င္း အာဏာသိမ္းအစုိးရႏွင့္ KIO တို႔ ၁၉၆၃၊ ၁၉၇၂ နွင့္ ၁၉၈၀-၈၁ ခုႏွစ္မ်ားတြင္ ေတြ႔ဆံုေဆြးေႏြးခဲ့ေသာ္လည္း အခ်ီးအႏွီးသာျဖစ္ခဲ့သည္။ ၁၉၉၄ အပစ္ခတ္ရပ္ဆိုင္းေရးစာခ်ဳပ္ေနာက္ပိုင္း KIO သည္ ၎တုိ႔ထိန္းခ်ဳပ္နယ္ေျမ ရွမ္းျပည္ေျမာက္ပိုင္းႏွင့္ ကခ်င္ျပည္နယ္တြင္ ကိုယ္ပိုင္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခြင့္ရခဲ့သည္။ သုိ႔ေသာ္ ျမန္မာစစ္အစုိးရက ကခ်င္လူထုအပါ ျပည္သူမ်ားအေပၚ လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးခ်ိဳးေဖာက္မႈမ်ား အမ်ားအျပား က်ဴးလြန္ေနသည္။ ယခုအခ်ိန္ နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္ေျပာင္းရန္ KIO ကျငင္းဆန္ခဲ့ၿပီးေနာက္ပိုင္း ၁၇ ႏွစ္ၾကာ အပစ္ခတ္ရပ္ဆိုင္းေရးပ်က္ျပားကာ ၂၀၁၁ ခုႏွစ္ ဇြန္လမွ တိုက္ပြဲမ်ား စတင္ျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့သည္။
ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသားအစည္းအ႐ုံး ဥကၠဌ ဒူ၀ါ ေဘာမ္၀ြမ္ လေရာ္ မွ ကခ်င္ႏိုင္ငံေရး ေဆြးေႏြးေနပုံ။
ကခ်င္အမိ်ဳးသားအစည္းအ႐ုံး ဥကၠဌ ဒူ၀ါ ေဘာမ္၀ြမ္ လေရာ္ မွ ကခ်င္ႏိုင္ငံေရး ေဆြးေႏြးေနပုံ။ Credit here
